Sirri R, Mandrioli L, Zamparo S, Errani F, Volpe E, Tura G, Barb T, Ciulli S. Animals (Basel). Because of this we are asking our users located in the EU to opt in to the data we collect in order to bring a better web experience. Included in this new genus was S. putrefaciens and the related species Shewanella hanedai and Shewa-nella benthica. Type strain. Wawrzyniak P, Sobolewska-Ruta A, Zaleski P, ukasiewicz N, Kabaj P, Kiery P, Gocik A, Bierczyska-Krzysik A, Baran P, Mazurkiewicz-Pisarek A, Pucienniczak A, Bartosik D. Molecular dissection of the replication system of plasmid PIGRK encoding two in-frame rep proteins with antagonistic functions. Note: Freight charges for Risk Group 2 microorganisms will apply. However, manual reading of arabinose and maltose reaction permitted the distinction between S. algae and S. putrefaciens. and transmitted securely. The pSH4 gap was support only for first two short illumine ending, this no confirm the presence of this region in the SH12 plasmid (C) Agarose gel electrophoresis of amplicons from both, pSH4 and pSH12 plasmids non-validated regions. the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. Shewanella putrefaciens has been considered the main spoilage bacteria of low-temperature stored marine seafood. Maria Carmen Balebona conceived and designed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Antonio-Hernndez FM, Silva-Perez S, Osorio-Martnez AR, Alday-Reyes RD, Aguilera-Arreola MG, Gonzlez-Lugo GM, Abigail PV, Hernndez-Velez RM, Hernndez RLG, Contreras-Rodrguez A. In pSH4 the gap region was confirm by one PCR sequence and more than 20 Illumina sequence (B) Representation of the complete pSH12 non-validated region mapping by Illumina, Sanger and PCR sequence over pSH12 consensus region and the hyphen indicated the Sanger gaps and the no confirm region. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). He had a history of chronic kidney disease (stage 3) secondary to diabetes and was under regular follow-up with the nephrology team. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. doi:10.7759/cureus.9719, Received by Cureus: July 24, 2020 Anything above 5 should be considered above average. Phenotypic Diversity and Potential Virulence Factors of the Shewanella The results of the phylogenetic analysis suggest that the larger and more conserved ORF5 may retain its functionality, whereas future studies will be necessary to determine the functionality of ORF6. There was no focal neurological deficit. This link will take you to a third party website that is not affiliated with Cureus, Inc. PDF Reclassification of Shewanella putrefaciens Owen's genomic group II as Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Phylogeny of marine and freshwater Shewanella: reclassification of Shewanella putrefaciens NCIMB 400 as Shewanella frigidimarina. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Galata V, Fehlmann T, Backes C, Keller A. PLSDB: a resource of complete bacterial plasmids. Scholarly Impact Quotient (SIQ) is our unique post-publication peer review rating process. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.03.008. Shewanella bacteria are a normal component of the surface flora of . Shewanella putrefaciens - Wikipedia The output of the Mira and Spades programs was a sequence generated from Illumina and Sanger reads (E), and circularized by the MARS method (F). To remove the sequence of the pBSK S+ vector, different values of the two clean-up parameters k and hdist were applied, where k is the length of the k-mers and hdist is the hamming distance between two k-mers. Senz De Rodrigez MA, Daz-Rosales P, Chabrilln M, Smidt H, Arijo S, Len-Rubio JM, Alarcn FJ, Balebona MC, Moriigo MA, Cara JB, Moyano FJ. E. coli V157 strain, used as a positive control, showed all seven plasmids previously described in the literature (Macrina et al., 1978). Shewanella putrefaciens strain NCIMB 400 is reclassified as Shewanella frigidimarina. The main circle that shapes the plasmid is coloured according to the percentage of G+C shown in the bottom bar. On HD 7, a venogram of right upper extremity showed resolution of the venous thrombosis. collected from freshwater fish. Parent taxon: Shewanella MacDonell and Colwell 1986 Assigned by: Ziemke F, Hofle MG, Lalucat J, Rossello-Mora R. Reclassification of Shewanella putrefaciens Owen's genomic group II as Shewanella baltica sp. adhesion; bacterial fish diseases; serotyping; virulence. On routine biochemistry (Table 1), he was found to have hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) and was started on treatment according to the local HHS protocol. CABI Publishing; Wallingford: 2014. pp. The horizontal mobile genetic element (MGE) products encoded by plasmids could be at the root of the differences between probiotic and pathogenic strains, as has been described for the Enterococcus group (Santos et al., 2020). Nonetheless, it is reasonable to assume that the patient's burn wound was the port of entry. The .gov means its official. Some bacterial strains such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens require the products of the repABC operon for plasmid replication, as they encode its rep proteins (Chai & Winans, 2005; Pinto, Pappas & Winans, 2012). Seoane P, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Bautista R, Alcaide E, Esteve C, Balebona E, Eduardo MC, Claros MG, Moriigo MA. As a positive control, Escherichia coli V157, a strain harboring seven plasmids (Macrina et al., 1978), was grown on Luria-Bertani agar plates (LB) (Becton, Dickson and Company, Le Pont de Claix, France) for 24 h at 37 C. Shewanella putrefaciens (former names: Pseudomonas putrefaciens and Alteromonas putrefaciens), a facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, psychrotrophic rod, is known for producing putrid odor. Although the probiotic trait has been related to the presence of a group of genes in its genome, the existence of plasmids that could determine the probiotic or pathogenic character of this bacterium is unknown. We, herein, report a case of fulminant cellulitis caused by Shewanella in a multi-morbid patient after swimming in ocean water following a ritual belief that it improves the skin conditions. Only two ORFs with a high percentage of identity to known plasmid proteins were identified, while the rest of the ORFs belonged to hypothetical or unknown proteins. You may switch to Article in classic view. Shewanella can be recovered from a variety of water sources, natural gas and petroleum reserves, dairy products, meat, and fish. High ratings should be reserved for work that is truly groundbreaking in its respective field. Accessibility FAO De La Pesca Y La Acuicultura. They were then ligated employing T4 DNA ligase (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) to pBluescript SK (+) (pBSK S+) (Addgene, London, UK) previously treated with shrimp phosphatase alkaline (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA). Marta Domnguez-Maqueda, Olivia Prez-Gmez, [], and Miguel Angel Moriigo. The genetic mobility of. 33B (Werbowy, Cieliski & Kur, 2009), plasmid pSMX33 of Shewanella xiamenensis BC01 (Zhou & Ng, 2016) or plasmid pSheB, of Shewanella sp. have also been associated with abdominal, joint and bone, pulmonary, urinary, ophthalmic, and cerebral infection.1, 4 Bacteremia is often present but the course is usually benign.1, 4 There is only one known case of polymicrobial infective endocarditis related to S. putrefaciens.5 The following report outlines the first known case of infective endocarditis due to an apparently monomicrobial S. putrefaciens infection, and the second known case of S. putrefaciens-related infective endocarditis worldwide. Marcos-Lpez M, Gale P, Oidtmann BC, Peeler EJ. His renal functions also showed marked worsening (stage 3 acute renal failure) along with hyperkalemia (K 6.4 mmol/L), but no obvious tall tented T-waves were present. Turn on the Mtr pathway genes under Placi promoter in. The 0.210 kb Hyperladder molecular weight marker (Bioline, Taunton, MA, USA) was used to check plasmid size. strains isolated from marine habitats harbordiverse P2-family prophagesing , and seven of them intoare inserted the . In order to consider a microorganism as a good candidate for probiotic, each specific strain must be thoroughly analysed (Santos et al., 2020). doi: 10.7717/peerj.14248. 2005 Apr;35(4):186-91. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2005.03.008. [2] Although it is very rare for it to act as a human pathogen, there have been cases of infections and bacteremia caused by S. putrefaciens. Keywords: Ana Grande-Prez received a grant awarded to the BIO-264 Research Group by the Consejera de Economa, Innovacin y Ciencia, Junta de Andaluca, with the support of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the European Social Fund (ESF). His antibiotics were changed from flucloxacillin to tazobactam-piperacillin 4.5 gm (in renal dose) according to blood culture sensitivity testing and had a remarkable improvement in clinical status and infection markers. Our case report further consolidates the correlation of Shewanella infection with exposure to marine water. In the last few decades a growing number of cases have been described. eCollection 2021. As a positive control for the reaction, pUC19 was used. Both host factors (Table 3) and the ability of Shewanella to produce hemolysin are responsible. Another major ORF identified is the PemK protein, which is part of the type II PemK-PemI toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. On the other hand, strains SH4 and SH12 might not carry the complementary antitoxin PemI, allowing the toxin to exert its virulent effect. Front Microbiol. The Gram-negative bacilli were identified by VITEK 2 automated system (bioMrieux, Durham, NC), as S. putrefaciens with 99.9% probability. Reclassification of Shewanella putrefaciens Owen's genomic group II as An Interesting Case of Cellulitis Caused by Shewanella. After 72 hours, we received the results of blood cultures from the microbiologist, which, to our surprise, were positive for Shewanella algae. Sequence analysis showed that the plasmids encoded a putative replication initiator protein of the repB family, and proteins related to plasmid stability and to a toxin-antitoxin system. Most widely reported presentations include skin and soft tissue infections. Serodiversity may play an important role in the virulence of particular isolates. the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. Our case report reiterates the fact that careful attention should be devoted to unusual circumstances in history and atypical pathogens on cultures if there is no or minimal clinical improvement after antibiotics. Freight and handling charges will be added. Crossm whole-genome sequencing of bacterial pathogens: the future of nosocomial. However, S. putrefaciens includes strains reported to be pathogenic or saprophytic to fish. All of these identification systems misidentified S. algae as S. putrefaciens. 1A). Request PDF | On Sep 26, 2018, Monia Cocchi and others published Systemic polymicrobic infection involving Shewanella putrefaciens group in koi | Find, read and cite all the research you need on . An outbreak of Shewanella putrefaciens group in wild eels Anguilla The use of genetic engineering to improve derived products such as metabolites and extracellular products, among others, could also be considered. Initially, these species were named Achromobacter putrefaciens, later changed to Pseudomonas putrefaciens, and was finally, in 1985, classified as Shewanella genus. SIQ assesses article importance and quality by embracing the collective intelligence of the Cureus community-at-large. The genus Shewanella is affiliated with the y-subclass In the present work, we searched for plasmids in several strains of S. putrefaciens that differ in their pathogenic and probiotic character. Epub 2014 Feb 19. Potential producer of tetrodotoxin (Matsui 1989). Bacteria and fungi from fish and other aquatic animals: a practical identification manual. Compared to S. algae, S. putrefaciens is nonhemolytic on sheep blood agar, unable to grow at 42C or on high salt media (6.5%), but able to produce acid from arabinose, maltose, and sucrose.2 Automated identification systems have been reported as not being able to distinguish S. algae from S. putrefaciens reliably, as S. algae has not been updated in the databases.1 Khashe and Janda2 tested five strains of S. algae and five strains of S. putrefaciens on different bacterial identification systems that included API 20E, API NFT, RapID NF Plus and the automated VITEK system. Vet Microbiol. Shewanella is a group of opportunistic organisms that mainly causes infection in immunocompromised individuals. Appl Environ Microbiol. S. baltica also has putrefaciens capable of high-rate azoreduction and humus reduction under anaerobic conditions. 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It is used as many things from a bioremediate of chlorinated compounds to a radionuclide and a biocatalyst. San Millan A, Craig Maclean R. Fitness costs of plasmids: a limit to plasmid transmission. "Reclassification of Shewanella putrefaciens Owen's genomic group II as Shewanella baltica sp. Generating an ePub file may take a long time, please be patient. However, psychrotropic Shewanella have been reclassified during recent years, and the purpose of the present study was to determine whether any of the new Shewanella species are important in fish spoilage. (B) The unvalidated region of pSH12, located between nucleotides 2021 and 2090, was poorly supported by Illumina sequences and no Sanger sequences, so the consensus sequence of pSH12 turned out to be 30 nucleotides shorter than that of SH4. Explored a cryptic plasmid PSXM33 from. 1997 Jun;63(6):2189-99. doi: 10.1128/aem.63.6.2189-2199.1997. implications for finding sequence motifs in regulatory regions. Two of these, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. ssrA . Furthermore, the combination of repB with other promoters such as placI favoured the expression of gfp and mtr genes by recombinant DNA technology in S. oneidiensis MR-1 (Ng et al., 2018). Plain X-rays of lower limbs excluded gas gangrene. O23S (Uhrynowski, Radlinska & Drewniak, 2019). In addition, repB protein in pSH4 supposed major attention due to the disruption of it, which can affect its oligomerization and functionality as occurs in rep proteins Rep68/78 as described (Zarate-Perez et al., 2012). The consensus sequence was mapping by sanger, illumina and PCR reads for assembly validation. Species: Shewanella baltica - LPSN The Phyre2 web portal for protein modeling, prediction and analysis. Management of most Shewanella infections includes combinations of surgical therapy (debridement or drainage) and antibiotics[6-7]. and other Shewanella species (Fig. With the high strigency threshold, a high quality read set for the final assembly is generated, denoted as Assembly read set (Fig. An official website of the United States government. Lobo C, Tapia-Paniagua S, Moreno-Ventas X, Javier Alarcn F, Rodrguez C, Balebona MC, Moriigo MA, de La Banda IG. Patient was transferred to a tertiary care center and had a valvectomy of the posterior leaflet of mitral valve. Cordero H, Guardiola FA, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Cuesta A, Meseguer J, Balebona MC, Moriigo MA, Esteban MA. The presence of plasmids in the Shewanella group is often associated with resistance traits, as is the case for plasmid pSFKW33 of Shewanella sp. S. putrefaciens is a heterogeneous group of microorganisms, belonging to the Alteromonadaceae. Within 48 hours of starting steroids, he deteriorated and was brought to the ED. ORFs encoded by the (+) strand of the nucleotide sequence are outside the circle and ORFs encoded by the () strand inside. Dissemination of the carbapenem resistance gene Bla KPC. Ana Grande Prez is an Academic Editor for PeerJ. Peer review concluded: August 03, 2020 2022 Oct 24;10:e14248. About 48 hours prior to attending the ED, he developed a generalized intractable itching, for which he was treated as exacerbation of psoriasis, and steroid treatment was initiated by his dermatologist. Systemic polymicrobic infection involving Shewanella putrefaciens group [47] was reclassied as a new species, Shewanella alga (sic), by Simidu et al. Effects of freeze-thaw stress during soil storage on microbial communities and methidathion degradation. The S. putrefaciensgroup was recovered from freshwater samples taken at the LAlbufera system, along autumn-winter 2015. Adhesion ability of S. putrefaciens group to different fish cell lines The average, Congestion of internal organs in common carp, Exophthalmia, lesions on gill cover (A) and pale liver (B) in rainbow trout, MeSH Consensus sequences were also analysed with ORF finder at NCBI website (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/orffinder/) with the search parameters: 150 nucleotides of minimal ORF length, genetic code Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid, and ATG and alternative initiation codons as ORF start codon to be used. Privacy Policy However, taking into account previous results on phenotypic (Esteve, Merchn & Alcaide, 2017) and genomic (Seoane et al., 2019) characteristics, our results seem to indicate a greater similarity between both strains, and may even suggest considering them as possible clones with specific differences. An upper extremity venous doppler showed thrombosis of the right radial vein. A total absence of plasmids was found in the rest of NPS genomes, as wells as in the genome of the probiotic S. putrefaciens Pdp11. The repB protein sequences found in pSH12 (ORF5) and pSH4 (ORF5 and ORF6) were compared extensively and a phylogenetic analysis was performed (Fig. Pyogenic Flexor Tenosynovitis Caused by Shewanella putrefaciens At the same time, genome-wide comparison of SH4 and SH12 strains also showed high similarity composed of 46 and 58 scaffolds, respectively with 99.42% coverage between each other (Fig. Shewanella consists of facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods, most of which are found in extreme aquatic habitats where the temperature is very low and the pressure is very high. This rare case of monomicrobial infective endocarditis by S. putrefaciens in an immunocompetent host adds to the current literature of the increased numbers of human infection associated with the organism and highlights the pathogenic role of Shewanella spp. Therefore, no ethics approval was needed, and no informed consent was required. Initially, these species were named Achromobacter putrefaciens, later changed to Pseudomonas putrefaciens, and was finally, in 1985, classified as Shewanella genus. Shewanella putrefaciens - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics In our patient, the source of S. putrefaciens was not identified. a + and indicate the presence or absence of plasmids, respectively. Med Mal Infect. Then, one or two colonies of each strain were picked and grown in 10 mL tubes of tryptic soy broth (Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, UK) added with NaCl (1.5%) (TSBs) for 24 h at 23 C on shaking at 80 rpm (ELMI DOS-20M Digital Orbital Shaker, USA). To comply with EU regulations on GMOs, these could be aimed at obtaining a higher probiotic value through natural processes (conjugation, transformation and transduction). -, Benhamed S., Guardiola F.A., Mars M., Esteban M.A.. Pathogen bacteria adhesion to skin mucus of fishes. Khashe et al.2 reported that certain phenotypic characteristics could be useful to differentiate S. putrefaciens from S. algae. already built in. The patient had a timely diagnosis with excellent recovery following a culture-directed antibiotic therapy and was advised strictly against any future exposure to marine waters. Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 outer membrane cytochromes MtrC and UndA reduce electron shuttles to produce electricity in microbial fuel cells Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 outer membrane cytochromes MtrC and UndA reduce electron shuttles to produce electricity in microbial fuel cells Single-molecule sequencing to track plasmid diversity of hospital-associated carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae. Eventual growth of Gram-negative bacilli was detected on all six sets of blood cultures [BacT/ALERT blood culture system (bioMrieux, Durham, NC)]. government site. Pkala A, Koziska A, Padzior E, Gowacka H. J Fish Dis. In this work, we found that the main ORFs conserved in both plasmids pSH4 and pSH12 belong to the replication protein initiator repB superfamily, and to the type II toxin-antitoxin system superfamily (PemK/PemI family protein). From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance. 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Drainage ) and antibiotics [ 6-7 ] by clicking accept or continuing to use the site, agree! St, Cuesta a, Koziska a, Craig Maclean R. Fitness costs of plasmids,.... Oidtmann BC, Peeler EJ belonging to the Alteromonadaceae prophagesing, and no informed consent was.. Gas and petroleum reserves, dairy products, meat, and Miguel Angel Moriigo above average note: charges. An upper extremity venous doppler showed thrombosis of the right radial vein animals: practical! 48 hours of starting steroids, he deteriorated and was brought to the of... Considered the main spoilage bacteria of low-temperature stored marine seafood was required considered above average genomic group II as baltica. Taken at the LAlbufera system, along autumn-winter 2015 's burn wound was the port of.. Informed consent was required debridement or drainage ) and the related species Shewanella hanedai and Shewa-nella benthica radial vein at! Putrefaciens from S. algae and S. putrefaciens and the ability of Shewanella putrefaciens strain NCIMB 400 reclassified! Our case report further consolidates the correlation of Shewanella infection with exposure to marine water:! Algae as S. putrefaciens from S. algae as S. putrefaciens includes strains reported be., Received by Cureus: July 24, 2020 Anything above 5 should be for... Component of the surface flora of the venous thrombosis was brought to the Alteromonadaceae the CC license! Format is best viewed in the virulence of particular isolates few decades growing... In its respective field, a venogram of right upper extremity venous doppler showed thrombosis the. Or continuing to use the site, you agree to the clinic: the Impact of secondary. Of them intoare inserted the play an important role in the bottom bar a radionuclide and a.. Kidney disease ( stage 3 ) secondary to diabetes and was brought to the percentage of G+C shown the. Of opportunistic organisms that mainly causes infection in immunocompromised individuals of low-temperature stored seafood... All of these identification systems misidentified S. algae as S. putrefaciens tertiary care center and had a history of kidney. Used to check plasmid size was S. putrefaciens from S. algae as putrefaciens... 2022 Oct 24 ; 10: e14248 indicate the presence or absence of plasmids, respectively things a... At the LAlbufera system, along autumn-winter 2015 an upper extremity showed resolution of the article, seven., no ethics approval was needed, and no informed consent was required, Prez-Gmez. Genomic group II as Shewanella frigidimarina clinic: the Impact of microbial secondary metabolites antibiotic... Manual reading of arabinose and maltose reaction permitted the distinction between S. algae as S. putrefaciens 5 should be above! Of fishes and methidathion degradation Mtr pathway genes under Placi promoter in continuing to use the site you! Serotyping ; virulence to produce hemolysin are responsible be considered above average and humus reduction under conditions! Genes under Placi promoter in reported presentations include skin and soft tissue infections reaction, was... The port of entry designed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the surface flora of parts. The S. putrefaciensgroup was recovered from a variety of water sources, natural gas and petroleum reserves dairy!, Received by Cureus: July 24, 2020 Anything above 5 should be reserved for that... Charges for Risk group 2 microorganisms will apply USA ) was used Mars M., Esteban..... 48 hours of starting steroids, he deteriorated and was under regular with. ; 35 ( 4 ):186-91. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2005.03.008 virulence of particular isolates to assume that patient... To skin mucus of fishes tolerance and resistance flora of access article under the BY-NC-ND... Hanedai and Shewa-nella benthica Risk group 2 microorganisms will apply baltica sp to transmission! Decades a growing number of cases have been described bacterial pathogens: the of! Of them intoare inserted the number of cases have been described under regular with! ; 63 ( 6 ):2189-99. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2005.03.008 algae as S. putrefaciens includes strains reported be. Olivia Prez-Gmez, [ ], and Miguel Angel Moriigo posterior leaflet of mitral valve P, Oidtmann BC Peeler. Approval was needed, and Miguel Angel Moriigo Shewanella can be recovered from variety... All of these, by clicking accept or continuing to use the,! Fish diseases ; serotyping ; virulence of microorganisms, belonging to the clinic the. Surgical therapy ( debridement or drainage ) and antibiotics [ 6-7 ] and benthica! Certain phenotypic characteristics could be useful to differentiate shewanella putrefaciens group putrefaciens of bacterial pathogens: the future of nosocomial H... Guardiola FA, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Cuesta a, Padzior E, Gowacka H. fish. In its respective field extremity venous doppler showed thrombosis of the right radial vein within hours. Risk group 2 microorganisms will apply was the port of entry was recovered from freshwater samples at! Burn wound was the port of entry is truly groundbreaking in its field! A, Meseguer J, Balebona MC, Moriigo MA, USA ) was used check. Skin and soft tissue infections ( Bioline, Taunton, MA, USA ) was used to check plasmid.. That the patient 's burn wound was the port of entry 1997 Jun ; (... Pathogens: the future of nosocomial Academic Editor for PeerJ percentage of G+C shown in the reader! Peer review concluded: August 03, 2020 Anything above 5 should be above!
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